合成生物学技术制造食品的商业化法律规范

杜立; 王萌

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2020-041

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合成生物学技术制造食品的商业化法律规范

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- 合成生物学技术制造食品的商业化法律规范
- The legal issues about commercialization of food products employing synthetic biology strategies
- 合成生物学 2020年1卷第5期页码：593-608
- 作者机构：
  
  澳门大学法学院，澳门　999078
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介:王萌（1996—），女，博士研究生。研究方向为生物科技法律与政策、国际法、卫生法。E-mail：mirandawm@yeah.net
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2020-041
  中图分类号： D920.4;Q1
- 收稿：2020-04-07，
  
  修回：2020-09-16，
  
  纸质出版：2020-10-31
- 稿件说明：
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杜立, 王萌. 合成生物学技术制造食品的商业化法律规范[J]. 合成生物学, 2020, 1(5): 593-608

DU Li, WANG Meng. The legal issues about commercialization of food products employing synthetic biology strategies[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2020, 1(5): 593-608
杜立, 王萌. 合成生物学技术制造食品的商业化法律规范[J]. 合成生物学, 2020, 1(5): 593-608 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2020-041.

DU Li, WANG Meng. The legal issues about commercialization of food products employing synthetic biology strategies[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2020, 1(5): 593-608 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2020-041.

摘要

随着合成生物学基础研究的不断突破，其在多领域已初显应用潜力，商业化价值日益凸显。在食品制造业，合成生物学技术的运用可以提高食物的营养价值，提供给消费者更多样化的选择，以及缓解未来粮食短缺问题。目前已有数种合成生物食品在欧美国家投入销售市场，然而利用合成生物学技术制造的食品在生物安全、食品安全以及伦理等方面仍存争议，如何运用法律来平衡此类食品商业化带来的风险和收益已经成为欧美各国和国际社会关注的重点问题。本文基于近年合成生物食品领域的投融资状况，梳理欧美国家以及我国针对合成生物食品商业化的相关政策及风险管控立法；以已经在美国获批进入销售市场的合成生物食品——“不可能汉堡”为例，探讨法律规范对于新兴合成生物食品商业化的影响。本文最后提出支持与完善我国合成生物食品商业化相关问题的法律建议。

Abstract

With continuous advances in basic researches related to synthetic biology

it's potential for application in various fields has become manifest

and its commercial value keeps increasing. In the field of food manufacturing

using synthetic biology tools can improve the food's nutritional value

provide consumers with more options for their diets

and alleviate future food supply shortage. At present

several kinds of food products using synthetic biology strategies have been put into the market in European countries and in the United States. However

the issues of biosafety

food safety

and ethical concerns of using synthetic biology to produce food remain controversial. How to balance relevant benefits and potential risks challenges domestic authorities as well as international communities. Based on a review of recent investment and financing situation in the field of food products using synthetic biology tools

this paper intends to discuss the relevant policies and legislation in Europe

the United States

and China for the commercialization of such products. The case of "Impossible Hamburger" (an artificial bio-food that has been approved and listed in the United States) is analyzed in depth

to examine the impact of legislation on the commercialization of related products. The paper concludes with suggestions on improvement of the legal framework for supporting and regulating the commercialization of synthetic biology-based food products in China.

关键词

Keywords

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