大肠杆菌合成生物基1，4-丁二醇的研究进展与发展趋势

王博文; 屈梦圆; 李华南; 程万里; 刘家书; 江正兵

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2025-100

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大肠杆菌合成生物基1，4-丁二醇的研究进展与发展趋势

特约评述 | 更新时间：2026-02-11

- 大肠杆菌合成生物基1，4-丁二醇的研究进展与发展趋势
- Research progress and development trend of bio-based 1，4-Butanediol synthesis by Escherichia coli
- 合成生物学 2026年页码：1-17
- 作者机构：
  
  湖北大学生命科学学院，湖北武汉 430062
- 作者简介：
  
  王博文（2001—），男，硕士，湖北大学生命科学学院生物与医药专业在读。研究方向：合成生物学、生物质资源化。
  刘家书（1988—），男，博士，湖北大学生命科学学院副教授。研究方向：环境微生物学、生物质资源化、生物催化与转化。
  江正兵（1972—），男，博士，湖北大学生命科学学院教授。研究方向：生物化工、分子酶工程、生物质资源化。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2025-100
  中图分类号： TQ923;Q819
- 收稿：2025-11-18，
  
  修回：2026-01-16，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-11，
- 稿件说明：
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王博文，屈梦圆，李华南，程万里，刘家书，江正兵. 大肠杆菌合成生物基1，4-丁二醇的研究进展与发展趋势［J］. 合成生物学， 2026， 7. DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-100

WANG Bowen， QU Mengyuan， LI Huanan， CHENG Wanli， LIU Jiashu， JIANG Zhengbing. Research progress and development trend of bio-based 1，4-Butanediol synthesis by Escherichia coli［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2026， 7. DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-100
王博文，屈梦圆，李华南，程万里，刘家书，江正兵. 大肠杆菌合成生物基1，4-丁二醇的研究进展与发展趋势［J］. 合成生物学， 2026， 7. DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-100 DOI：

WANG Bowen， QU Mengyuan， LI Huanan， CHENG Wanli， LIU Jiashu， JIANG Zhengbing. Research progress and development trend of bio-based 1，4-Butanediol synthesis by Escherichia coli［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2026， 7. DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-100 DOI：

摘要

1，4-丁二醇（1，4-BDO）作为一种重要的化工原料，广泛应用于医药、材料、纺织、军工等多个领域。随着全球各国环保政策日趋严格，传统1，4-BDO合成中催化剂昂贵、能耗大等弊端日益凸显。以可再生资源木质纤维素生物质制备可发酵糖，基于合成生物学策略开发低碳、经济、可持续的1，4-BDO生物合成途径显得愈发重要。然而，木质纤维素水解液中多种可发酵糖共存的情况降低了碳源利用效率，木质纤维素预处理后所产生的发酵抑制物同样影响微生物代谢活性。因此，本文综述了以大肠杆菌为底盘细胞，利用不同可发酵糖作为碳源合成1，4-BDO途径的构建思路，总结了提高大肠杆菌耐受多种发酵抑制物的遗传工程策略，探讨了通过构建分工协作、互利共生的多功能模块微生物体系以实现混合糖共利用、原位脱毒以及1，4-BDO高产的可能性。在此基础上，通过计算机辅助1，4-BDO合成途径的挖掘与理性设计、开展基因组尺度代谢网络模型的模拟与优化、对1，4-BDO合成关键酶进行智能设计，有望在未来进一步改善1，4-BDO合成效率，为稳定、高产1，4-BDO的大肠杆菌多细胞联合体的构建提供可行性见解与思路。

Abstract

As a key chemical raw material

4-Butanediol (1

4-BDO) is widely utilized in various industries

including pharmaceuticals

materials science

textiles

and the defense industry sector. With increasingly stringent environmental protection policies worldwide

the shortcomings of conventional 1

4-BDO synthesis

such as the use of costly catalysts and high energy consumption

have become more pronounced. An abundance of renewable lignocellulosic biomass has great potential in the production of clean fuels and chemicals. The preparation of fermentable sugars from renewable lignocellulosic biomass is the key step in biorefinery. Based on synthetic biology approaches

the development of a low-carbon

cost-effective

and sustainable biosynthetic route for 1

4-BDO synthesis gains great interest. However

the coexistence of multiple fermentable sugars in lignocellulosic hydrolysates reduces carbon source utilization efficiency. After several physical and chemical pretreatment methods proceeded

the fermentation inhibitors generated during the pretreatment process can impair microbial metabolic activity as well

thereby lowering fermentation efficiency. Therefore

by using

Escherichia coli

as the microbial chassis

this review outlines strategies for constructing 1

4-BDO biosynthesis pathways in

E. coli

using different fermentable sugars as carbon sources. This review also summarizes genetic engineering approaches to enhance

E. coli

tolerance to fermentation inhibitors

including furfural

5-hydroxymethylfurfural

organic acids

and phenolic substrates. We discuss the possibility of efficient co-utilization of mixed sugars

in situ detoxification

and higher-yielding 1

4-BDO production via the development of a multifunctional and modular microbial consortium with the help of division of labor and mutualism. Furthermore

by employing computational tools to mine and rationally design 1

4-BDO synthesis pathways

conducting simulat

ions and optimizations based on genome-scale metabolic network models

and applying intelligent design to key enzymes involved in 1

4-BDO biosynthesis

it is expected that 1

4-BDO synthesis efficiency can be further improved in the future. Overall

this review provides valuable insights and prospects for the construction of robust

high-yield

E. coli

-based microbial consortia for 1

4-BDO production.

关键词

Keywords

references

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