国际基因工程机器大赛中植物合成生物学主题的设计与实践

何杨昱; 杨凯; 王玮琳; 黄茜; 丘梓樱; 宋涛; 何流赏; 姚金鑫; 甘露; 何玉池

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2025-057

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国际基因工程机器大赛中植物合成生物学主题的设计与实践

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-11-12

- 国际基因工程机器大赛中植物合成生物学主题的设计与实践
- Design and practice of plant synthetic biology theme in the International Genetically Engineered Machine Competition
- 合成生物学 2025年6卷第5期页码：1243-1254
- 作者机构：
  
  1.湖北大学生命科学学院，湖北武汉 430062
  2.湖北大学图书馆，湖北武汉 430062
  3.汉江师范学院化学与环境工程学院，湖北十堰 442000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "何杨昱（2003—），男，本科，湖北大学生物工程专业在读。研究方向为植物合成生物学。E-mail：1210037876@qq.com" ]
  [ "甘露（1985—），女，博士，讲师。研究方向为植物合成生物学与代谢工程。E-mail：ganlu@hjnu.edu.cn" ]
  [ "何玉池（1974—），女，博士，二级教授，国家级实验教学示范中心主任。研究方向为植物合成生物学与代谢工程。E-mail：hyc@hubu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  湖北省重点研发计划(20220BBA032);汉江师范学院校级教学改革研究项目(2021C09)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2025-057
  中图分类号： Q812
- 收稿：2025-06-09，
  
  修回：2025-08-26，
  
  纸质出版：2025-10-31
- 稿件说明：
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何杨昱，杨凯，王玮琳，黄茜，丘梓樱，宋涛，何流赏，姚金鑫，甘露，何玉池. 国际基因工程机器大赛中植物合成生物学主题的设计与实践［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（5）： 1243-1254

HE Yangyu， YANG Kai， WANG Weilin， HUANG Qian， QIU Ziying， SONG Tao， HE Liushang， YAO Jinxin， GAN Lu， HE Yuchi. Design and practice of plant synthetic biology theme in the International Genetically Engineered Machine Competition［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（5）： 1243-1254
何杨昱，杨凯，王玮琳，黄茜，丘梓樱，宋涛，何流赏，姚金鑫，甘露，何玉池. 国际基因工程机器大赛中植物合成生物学主题的设计与实践［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（5）： 1243-1254 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-057.

HE Yangyu， YANG Kai， WANG Weilin， HUANG Qian， QIU Ziying， SONG Tao， HE Liushang， YAO Jinxin， GAN Lu， HE Yuchi. Design and practice of plant synthetic biology theme in the International Genetically Engineered Machine Competition［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（5）： 1243-1254 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-057.

摘要

在近五年的国际基因工程机器（International Genetically Engineered Machine， iGEM）大赛获奖项目中，植物底盘的研究相对较少，主要受限于植物系统的复杂性。相较于微生物，植物遗传操作周期长、标准化元件库匮乏、转化效率低，使得工程化改造更具挑战性。然而，植物合成生物学在农业可持续化、环境修复和生物医药等领域具有独特优势，使其成为合成生物学的重要研究方向。近年来，随着基因编辑技术、合成启动子优化和高效转化体系的进步，植物底盘的可编程性显著提升，为应对粮食安全、营养强化和植物源药物生产等全球性问题提供了创新解决方案。以分析往年iGEM参赛项目及分享作者团队的参赛经验作为研究方法，本文从iGEM竞赛的评审标准出发，探讨了植物合成生物学项目的立题策略和实施路径，包括科学问题的精准定位、遗传回路的模块化设计，以及实验与建模的有效整合。同时，分析了通过跨学科协作和成果可视化来提升项目的创新性与应用价值的策略（包括植物底盘选择策略、生物元件构建策略和精确化模型构建策略等），旨在为相关领域的研究团队提供方法指导和策略参考，推动这一重要研究方向的发展，助力参赛团队在国际舞台上脱颖而出。

Abstract

As an important branch of synthetic biology

the number of research outcomes from iGEM award-winning projects is not significant

lagging behind due to the numerous challenges posed by the complex nature of plant systems. Compared with microorganisms

the genetic operation of plants has obvious shortcomings : not only the operation cycle is long

the standardized component library available for use is very scarce

and the conversion efficiency is also at a low level. These factors are superimposed together

making the engineering transformation of plants difficult. However

even so

plant synthetic biology still occupies a non-negligible position by virtue of its unique value in many key fields such as agriculture

environment and biomedicine. Because of these unique values

it has become an important research direction in the field of synthetic biology. In recent years

with the breakthrough of a series of key technologies

plant synthetic biology has ushered in new development opportunities. Advances in gene editing technology and synthetic promoter optimization have significantly enhanced the programmability of plant chassis and the regulation efficiency of gene expression

providing a highly innovative solution to solve major problems such as food security

nutrition enhancement

and plant-derived drug production in the world. In view of the development of plant synthetic biology project

combined with the evaluation criteria of iGEM competition

there are many key links that need to be focused on. In the process of setting up the topic

it is necessary to accurately lock in scientific problems with research value and ensure the forward-looking and practical nature of the research direction ; At the design level

the modular design of genetic circuits is crucial for and enhancing efficiency and reliability

allowing for the orderly regulation of complex biological functions.At the same time

the effective integration of experimental operation and mathematical modeling can provide more solid theoretical support and more accurate result prediction for research. In addition

interdisciplinary collaboration is also an important driving force for the development of plant synthetic biology projects. The cross-integration of multidisciplinary knowledge such as biology

engineering

and computer science can collide more innovative sparks. At the same time

the visual presentation of the results can make the research value and innovation points more intuitive

and further enhance the application potential of the project. The application of these strategies is expected to promote the project of plant synthetic biology to shine on the international platform and contribute more to the development of this field.

关键词

Keywords

references

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