益生菌辅助防治恶性肿瘤的研究进展

朱欣悦; 陈恬恬; 邵恒煊; 唐曼玉; 华威; 程艳玲

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2025-004

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益生菌辅助防治恶性肿瘤的研究进展

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-09-05

- 益生菌辅助防治恶性肿瘤的研究进展
- Advancements in the study of probiotics for adjunctive prevention and treatment of malignancies
- 合成生物学 2025年6卷第4期页码：899-919
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京联合大学生物化学工程学院，北京 100023
  2.生物质废弃物资源化利用北京市重点实验室，北京 100023
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "朱欣悦（2000—），女，硕士研究生。研究方向为农副产品高值化利用。 E-mail：zss89661@163.com" ]
  [ "程艳玲（1972—），女，博士，教授。研究方向为食品、农产品、生物制品等加工副产物与废弃物的高值化利用；生活垃圾与污水的高能效转化、治理与利用。 E-mail：cheng1012cn@aliyun.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  美国农业部加州巴旦木委员会“Safety Assessment of Almond Hull as a Novel Food and Food Ingredient”(BIO-22-01-YC)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2025-004
  中图分类号： Q938.1;R730.1
- 收稿：2025-01-08，
  
  修回：2025-04-23，
  
  纸质出版：2025-08-31
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱欣悦，陈恬恬，邵恒煊，唐曼玉，华威，程艳玲. 益生菌辅助防治恶性肿瘤的研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（4）： 899-919

ZHU Xinyue， CHEN Tiantian， SHAO Hengxuan， TANG Manyu， HUA Wei， CHENG Yanling. Advancements in the study of probiotics for adjunctive prevention and treatment of malignancies［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（4）： 899-919
朱欣悦，陈恬恬，邵恒煊，唐曼玉，华威，程艳玲. 益生菌辅助防治恶性肿瘤的研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（4）： 899-919 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-004.

ZHU Xinyue， CHEN Tiantian， SHAO Hengxuan， TANG Manyu， HUA Wei， CHENG Yanling. Advancements in the study of probiotics for adjunctive prevention and treatment of malignancies［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（4）： 899-919 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-004.

摘要

癌症作为一个全球性公共卫生难题，其发病率和死亡率不断攀升。益生菌作为一种潜在的辅助防治恶性肿瘤的手段，近年来受到广泛关注。本文系统综述了益生菌在辅助防治恶性肿瘤方面的研究进展。在肿瘤预防方面，益生菌及其代谢产物可通过调控肠道菌群并抑制致癌物生成，调节免疫细胞，减轻炎症反应，降低癌症发生风险。此外，益生菌及其代谢产物短链脂肪酸（SCFA）、吲哚类化合物通过调节肿瘤微环境如调节癌症相关基因表达、PI3K-AKT信号通路及色氨酸-吲哚代谢途径发挥抗肿瘤作用。在辅助治疗恶性肿瘤方面，益生菌对消化系统、生殖系统等多种肿瘤均表现出抑制作用，可通过调节肿瘤微环境中的多种成分和功能，影响肿瘤细胞的增殖和凋亡。益生菌在改善肿瘤治疗副作用方面也发挥积极作用，既可以缓解肿瘤放化疗副作用，如减轻口腔黏膜炎、放射性腹泻等，又有助于肿瘤术后恢复，改善肠道屏障功能，减轻术后的炎症反应。合成生物技术的发展为益生菌的抗肿瘤应用提供了新方向。通过基因工程改造的益生菌，如大肠杆菌Nissle 1917和减毒沙门氏菌VNP20009，已在肿瘤靶向治疗中展现出潜力。结合纳米技术和光动力治疗等新兴手段，益生菌在肿瘤治疗中的应用将更加精准和高效。然而，工程菌的安全性和有效性仍需进一步研究。随着合成生物学的发展，通过深入探索益生菌抗肿瘤的作用机制、优化临床应用方案，并结合新兴技术手段，工程益生菌有望成为肿瘤综合治疗中的重要组成部分，为患者提供更加安全、有效的治疗选择。

Abstract

Cancer continues to pose a significant global public health challenge

as its incidence and mortality rates persistently rise. Conventional cancer treatments

which include chemotherapy

radiotherapy

and surgery

often inv

olves severe side effects and potential drug resistance. This comprehensive review examines the pivotal role of probiotics in cancer prevention

treatment

and management

elucidating their underlying mechanisms and clinical applications. Probiotics

defined as beneficial microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract and other mucosal surfaces

have emerged as potential adjuncts in the prevention and treatment of cancer . The mechanisms of action include modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME)

enhancing immune responses

and inhibiting carcinogenesis. In cancer prevention

probiotics can modulate the gut microbiota to inhibit carcinogen generation. For example

specific strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have been shown to decrease the activity of enzymes involved in carcinogen production

such as β-glucuronidase and nitroreductase. Moreover

Probiotics and their metabolites

such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole compounds

play an antitumor role by regulating the tumor microenvironment such as regulating cancer-related gene expression

the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway

and the tryptophan-indole metabolic pathway. In the context of adjuvant therapy for malignant tumors

probiotics have shown inhibitory effects on various cancers in the digestive and reproductive systems. They can modulate the intestinal microenvironment

influence tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis

and ultimately suppress tumor growth. Additionally

probiotics can alleviate the adverse effects of cancer therapies. For example

they can mitigate chemotherapy-induced diarrhea and radiation-induced mucositis

and promote postoperative recovery by enhancing gut barrier function and reducing inflammation. This review offers a comprehensive and systematic synthesis of research on the role of probiotics in the prevention and adjuvant treatment of malignant tumors. It delves into their potential mechanisms of action and explores their clinical applications

aiming to establish a solid theoretical foundation

and practical guidance for the integrated management of cancer. Looking ahead

the integration of synthetic biology with probiotics holds significant potential for cancer therapy. Advances in synthetic biology have enabled the enhancement of the anti-tumor efficacy of probiotics through genetic engineering. Engineered strains

such as

Escherichia coli

Nissle 1917 and attenuated

Salmonella typhimurium

VNP20009

have shown potential in tumor-targeted therapy. When combined with emerging technologies such as nanotechnology and photodynamic therapy

the application of probiotics in cancer treatment is expected to become more precise and effective. However

the safety and efficacy of engineered probiotics require further validation

particularly regarding the potential risks associated with long-term use. Future research should concentrate on personalized probiotic applications

the development of engineered strains

and their synergistic effects with other therapeutic modalities to advance this field. In conclusion

probiotics hold significant promise as adjuncts in cancer prevention and treatment

with the potential to modulate the TME

enhance immune responses

and alleviate treatment-related side effects. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate their mechanisms of action and optimize their clinical application

thereby facilitating their integration into comprehensive cancer care strategies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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