生物合成红景天苷的研究进展

黄姝涵; 马赫; 罗云孜

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2024-076

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生物合成红景天苷的研究进展

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-05-20

- 生物合成红景天苷的研究进展
- Research progress in the biosynthesis of salidroside
- 合成生物学 2025年6卷第2期页码：391-407
- 作者机构：
  
  1.天津大学化工学院，教育部合成生物学前沿科学中心，天津 300072
  2.天津大学合成生物技术全国重点实验室，天津 300072
  3.物质绿色创造与制造海河实验室，天津 300192
  4.天津大学佐治亚理工大学深圳学院，广东深圳 518071
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "黄姝涵（2002—），女，硕士研究生。研究方向为天然产物的生物合成。E-mail：huangshuhan@tju.edu.cn" ]
  [ "马赫（1999—），男，博士研究生。研究方向为天然产物的生物合成。E-mail：2021207667@tju.edu.cn" ]
  [ "罗云孜（1985—），女，博士，教授，博士生导师。研究方向为合成生物学。E-mail：yunzi.luo@tju.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(32471492);物质绿色创造与制造海河实验室(24HHWCSS00006);广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B0303070002)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2024-076
  中图分类号： Q819
- 收稿：2024-10-18，
  
  修回：2025-03-09，
  
  纸质出版：2025-04-30
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
黄姝涵，马赫，罗云孜. 生物合成红景天苷的研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（2）： 391-407

HUANG Shuhan， MA He， LUO Yunzi. Research progress in the biosynthesis of salidroside［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（2）： 391-407
黄姝涵，马赫，罗云孜. 生物合成红景天苷的研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（2）： 391-407 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-076.

HUANG Shuhan， MA He， LUO Yunzi. Research progress in the biosynthesis of salidroside［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（2）： 391-407 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-076.

摘要

红景天苷是一种具有抗缺氧、抗氧化、抗衰老和抗肿瘤等活性的天然产物，被广泛应用于化妆品与医药领域。目前获取红景天苷的主要方式是从红景天属植物的根茎和块茎中提取，由于其含量稀少，日益增长的市场需求导致植物资源逐渐匮乏。因此，开发新的合成方法成为了研究热点。红景天苷的天然生物合成路径已被解析，随着合成生物学的发展，采用合成生物技术构建微生物细胞工厂合成红景天苷成为缓解当前供需失衡和资源紧缺状况的有效途径。本文针对红景天苷的药理活性、植物合成路径、途径酶的挖掘与筛选、大肠杆菌和酿酒酵母的生物合成现状等相关研究进展进行系统性的综述，探讨了红景天苷的分离提纯方法以及它作为合成中间体在制备其他化合物方面的应用潜力，以期助力对红景天苷合成路径与相关工程改造策略的理解，并推动红景天苷绿色、高效的生物合成。

Abstract

Salidroside

a natural product known for its anti-hypoxia

anti-oxidation

anti-inflammatory

anti-aging

and anti-tumor properties

is extensively utilized in the food

cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Traditionally

salidroside has been obtained through the extraction from the rhizomes and tubers of

Rhodiola

species

including water extraction

two-phase aqueous extraction

supercritical CO

extraction and microwave assisted extraction. However

its low natural abundance (with the salidroside content in rhizomes and tubers of

Rhodiola

species ranging from 0.5% to 0.8%)

coupled with escalating demand

has led to a progressive depletion of these plant resources. Given the broad application potential of salidroside

the rapid growth of market demand

and the increasing scarcity of natural resources

there is an urgent need to develop innovative synthetic approaches for this valuable compound. Chemical synthesis of salidroside is characterized by its efficiency and rapid processing time. However

the use of strong acids

bases

and catalysts with heavy metal ions in the synthesis process poses challenges for the separation of salidroside with environmental risks. In recent years

with the advancements in synthetic biology

the construction of microbial cell factories for the biosynthesis of salidroside has become a viable strategy for addressing the current supply-demand imbalance and resource scarcity associated with the natural biosynthetic pathway of salidroside. To enhance the production of salidroside biosynthesis

two major strategies can be employed. F

irst

metabolic engineering approaches can be used to overexpress key genes in the synthesis pathways while knocking out or downregulating the expression of genes related to the bypass routes

thereby increasing precursor accumulation and enhancing the metabolic flux. Second

enzyme engineering can be applied to improve the catalytic efficiency and regioselectivity of natural glycosyltransferases

which often exhibit low activity and poor selectivity. Sequence alignment techniques can be used to identify and screen potential glycosyltransferases from various biological genomes. Additionally

protein engineering combined with computational approaches can be utilized to optimize these enzymes to meet specific requirements

ultimately improving the production of salidroside. In this comprehensive review

we systematically assess the pharmacological activities of salidroside

the plant biosynthetic pathway

the mining and screening of the enzymes

and the biosynthetic advancements in

Escherichia coli

and

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

. Additionally

we discuss the separation and purification methods of salidroside and its application potential as a synthetic intermediate in the preparation of other compounds

such as hydroxysalidroside

verbascoside and echinacoside. This review aims to enhance the understanding of the biosynthetic pathway of salidroside

thereby promoting a greener and more efficient biosynthetic approach to salidroside production.

关键词

Keywords

references

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