仿生分区室固定化多酶体系

董玲玲; 李斐煊; 雷航彬; 宋启迪; 王世珍

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2024-025

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仿生分区室固定化多酶体系

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-04-11

- 仿生分区室固定化多酶体系
- Biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization of multi-enzyme system
- 合成生物学 2024年5卷第6期页码：1518-1529
- 作者机构：
  
  1.厦门大学化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系，福建厦门 361005
  2.厦门大学厦门市合成生物学重点实验室，福建厦门 361005
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "董玲玲（2000—），女，硕士研究生。研究方向为MOFs分层固定化多酶。E-mail：17852839170@126.com" ]
  [ "王世珍（1982—），女，副教授，硕士生导师。研究方向为合成生物学、生物催化与转化、酶工程等。E-mail：szwang@xmu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划“合成生物学”重点专项“糖水氢电系统——体外多酶高效产氢及氢电装置的基础及工程研究”(2022YFA0912003);国家自然科学基金面上项目“氨基酸脱氢酶分子开关设计与生物电催化不对称还原研究”(22078273)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2024-025
  中图分类号： Q814.3
- 收稿：2024-03-19，
  
  修回：2024-06-20，
  
  纸质出版：2024-12-31
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
董玲玲，李斐煊，雷航彬，宋启迪，王世珍. 仿生分区室固定化多酶体系［J］. 合成生物学， 2024， 5（6）： 1518-1529

DONG Lingling， LI Feixuan， LEI Hangbin， SONG Qidi， WANG Shizhen. Biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization of multi-enzyme system［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2024， 5（6）： 1518-1529
董玲玲，李斐煊，雷航彬，宋启迪，王世珍. 仿生分区室固定化多酶体系［J］. 合成生物学， 2024， 5（6）： 1518-1529 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-025.

DONG Lingling， LI Feixuan， LEI Hangbin， SONG Qidi， WANG Shizhen. Biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization of multi-enzyme system［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2024， 5（6）： 1518-1529 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-025.

摘要

仿生分区室固定化多酶偶联是体外合成生物学的前沿技术，目的是实现多酶分区室固定化和反应的时空分离。与简单共固定化不同，仿生分区室固定化技术通过控制酶在载体上的空间分布，形成底物通道促进中间产物传递，并提高串联或偶联反应的系统稳定性、产率和产物纯度。本文综述了近年来仿生分区室固定化多酶体系的进展，包括金属有机框架（MOF）、聚合物囊泡和聚合物胶囊等固定化策略。MOF具有结构可控、功能易调控等优点，采用分级多孔、MOF-on-MOF和多种MOF组合等仿生策略构建分区室微反应器，可实现高效的体外多酶偶联催化反应。聚合物囊泡的膜结构可模拟天然磷脂双分子层，将多个小囊泡包封到大囊泡形成“囊泡中囊泡”模仿细胞器分区室固定化酶。聚合物胶囊是通过模板法形成的核壳纳米球体结构，结构稳定性优异，进一步通过层层自组装能够形成多层核壳结构实现分区室固定化。将来，微流控等技术与仿生分区室固定化多酶技术融合，将促进体外合成生物学和绿色生物制造等领域的发展。

Abstract

Biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization of multi-enzyme system is a frontier for

in vitro

synthetic biology

focusing on the spatial and temporal separation of reactions. Compared with simple co-immobilization

biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization can form substrate channels and promote the transmission of intermediates for sequential or coupling reaction. By controlling the relative positions of the enzymes on carriers

this method improves system stability

productivity

as well as purity of product. In this review

we summarized the recent advances of carriers for biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization of multi-enzyme

systems

including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)

polymer vesicles and polymer capsules. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous coordination materials which are composed of metal ions as nodes and organic linkers. MOFs possess unique characteristics including high porosity

large specific surface area and tunable structure

which are suitable for multi-enzyme systems. The strategies involving the hierarchically porous MOFs

MOF-on-MOF and multi-MOF combinations construct compartmentalized environments for efficient catalytic reactions

in vitro

. Polymer vesicles are hollow nanostructures composed of amphiphilic block copolymers. The membrane structure of polymer vesicles

similar to the natural phospholipid bilayers

has good mechanical stability and biocompatibility for protecting enzyme molecules

and provides unique microenvironment for sequential reactions. Multiple small vesicles were encapsulated into the larger vesicles to form a “vesicle-in-vesicle” by mimicking the structure of cellular organelles. Polymer capsules with a core-shell spherical nanostructure are formed by the templating method

and have structural stability and excellent shape controllability. Multilayered core-shell structures created by layer-by-layer self-assembly are applied for compartmentalized immobilization of multi-enzyme. In the future

the integration of microfluidic technologies with biomimetic compartmentalization immobilization of multi-enzyme is expected to provide highly efficient and stable multi-enzyme catalytic systems for

in vitro

synthetic biology and green biomanufacturing.

关键词

Keywords

references

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