类器官技术与合成生物学协同研究进展

陈子苓; 向阳飞

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2023-106

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类器官技术与合成生物学协同研究进展

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-03-19

- 类器官技术与合成生物学协同研究进展
- Integrated development of organoid technology and synthetic biology
- 合成生物学 2024年5卷第4期页码：795-812
- 作者机构：
  
  上海科技大学生命科学与技术学院，上海 201210
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "陈子苓（2000—），女，硕士研究生。研究方向为神经类器官。E-mail：chenzl2022@shanghaitech.edu.cn" ]
  [ "向阳飞（1983—），男，博士，研究员。研究方向为干细胞与神经生物学。E-mail：xiangyf@shanghaitech.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2021YFF1200800);国家自然科学基金(32170836);中央引导地方项目(YDZX20233100001002)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2023-106
  中图分类号： Q81
- 收稿：2023-12-09，
  
  修回：2024-02-23，
  
  纸质出版：2024-08-31
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陈子苓，向阳飞. 类器官技术与合成生物学协同研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2024， 5（4）： 795-812

CHEN Ziling， XIANG Yangfei. Integrated development of organoid technology and synthetic biology［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2024， 5（4）： 795-812
陈子苓，向阳飞. 类器官技术与合成生物学协同研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2024， 5（4）： 795-812 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2023-106.

CHEN Ziling， XIANG Yangfei. Integrated development of organoid technology and synthetic biology［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2024， 5（4）： 795-812 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2023-106.

摘要

类器官由成体干细胞或多能干细胞在体外分化而来，可以在细胞类型、空间结构及生理功能上实现对体内组织器官的模拟。类器官的构建及技术完善，推动了发育生物学、遗传学、病理毒理学等发展。合成生物学是一门多学科交叉的新兴学科，以工程学思想为指导，旨在通过工程化、模块化的方法设计、改造、构建生物元件、系统、功能等。近年来类器官构建的优化方案体现了与合成生物学契合的研究理念，而合成生物学的发展及相关方法的产生也为类器官技术的发展起到了推动作用。本文将概述类器官和合成生物学的发展历程与面对的挑战，探讨类器官优化过程中合成生物学策略的体现与新兴的合成生物学工具对于类器官在时空命运调控、结构自组织及功能形成等方面的优化作用，简述基于类器官模型的研究对于合成生物学发展的促进作用。总的来说，本文旨在阐述合成生物学与类器官构建及优化之间相辅相成、互相促进的关系，并进一步探讨合成生物学与类器官在未来结合应用的潜力。

Abstract

Organoids

derived from adult or pluripotent stem cells through

vitro

differentiation

can recapitulate the cellular diversity

spatial organization

and physio

logical functions of

vivo

organs or tissues. The development of organoids has facilitated progress in developmental biology

genetics

pathology

and others. As an emerging interdisciplinary field guided by engineering principles

synthetic biology aims to design

modify

and construct biological components and systems with certain specifically designed functions through engineering and modular approaches. The

vitro

construction of organoids currently faces several challenges

including high cost

significant heterogeneity

and low throughput

which become more prominent when building complex organoid models. As a burgeoning field in recent years

synthetic biology has excellent potential to expand its applications and research directions. The optimization strategy of organoid construction has become intricately intertwined with the principles of synthetic biology in recent years. Simultaneously

the advancement of synthetic biology and its associated methodologies has propelled the progression of organoid technology. This review provides an overview of the historical developments and current challenges of organoids and synthetic biology while exploring the disparities and interconnections among these fields regarding research concepts and methods. Particularly

we will provide an overview of current design strategies for optimizing organoids and explore the fundamental applications of synthetic biology strategies in this context. Furthermore

we will examine the emerging role of synthetic biology tools in enhancing spatiotemporal fate regulation

structural self-organization

and functional capabilities of organoids. Lastly

we will discuss how derivative research based on organoid platforms contributes to advancing synthetic biology investigations. Overall

this review aims to elucidate the profoundly synergistic and mutually beneficial relationship between the rapidly evolving field of synthetic biology and organoid technology. By delvin

g deep into the interconnectedness of these two disciplines

our objective is to facilitate further exploration of their potential integration in future research endeavors. Additionally

we seek to unravel feasible application scenarios that can harness the combined power of these two fields to bring about potential advancements in biomedical and life science.

关键词

Keywords

references

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