植物二氧化碳代谢途径改造研究进展

史梦琳; 周琳; 王庆; 赵磊

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2022-002

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植物二氧化碳代谢途径改造研究进展

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-03-20

- 植物二氧化碳代谢途径改造研究进展
- Advances in the study on the modification of carbon dioxide metabolic pathways in plants
- 合成生物学 2022年3卷第5期页码：985-1005
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所，天津 300308
  2.中国科学院系统微生物工程重点实验室，天津 300308
  3.国家合成生物技术创新中心，天津 300308
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "史梦琳（1991—），女，博士后。研究方向为植物固碳途径解析与改造等。 E-mail：shiml@tib.cas.cn" ]
  [ "赵磊（1985—），男，博士，研究员。研究方向为植物合成生物学与代谢工程等。 E-mail：zhaol@tib.cas.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  天津市合成生物技术创新能力提升行动项目(TSBICIP-CXRC-027;TSBICIP-IJCP-001);中国科技部科技合作计划项目(KY202001017)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2022-002
  中图分类号： Q945
- 收稿：2022-01-12，
  
  修回：2022-02-17，
  
  纸质出版：2022-10-31
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
史梦琳，周琳，王庆，赵磊. 植物二氧化碳代谢途径改造研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2022， 3（5）： 985-1005

SHI Menglin， ZHOU Lin， WANG Qing， ZHAO Lei. Advances in the study on the modification of carbon dioxide metabolic pathways in plants［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2022， 3（5）： 985-1005
史梦琳，周琳，王庆，赵磊. 植物二氧化碳代谢途径改造研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2022， 3（5）： 985-1005 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2022-002.

SHI Menglin， ZHOU Lin， WANG Qing， ZHAO Lei. Advances in the study on the modification of carbon dioxide metabolic pathways in plants［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2022， 3（5）： 985-1005 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2022-002.

摘要

降碳减排是我国可持续发展过程中的一项重大战略决策。为如期实现“碳达峰、碳中和”宏伟目标，我国需在提高生态碳汇能力上取得突破。植物光合作用有利于增加地球碳汇，而光呼吸和呼吸作用过程则释放CO

。自然状态下，上述CO

代谢过程能量利用率低、人工改造并提高植物CO

固定的难度较大。因此，在植物体内重构新的人工代谢途径，有望大幅提高植物CO

固定能力，是解决人类社会发展瓶颈的有效途径之一。本文分别介绍了植物光合作用、光呼吸和呼吸作用中与CO

固定、释放相关途径，并指出可用于改造的潜在靶点；重点综述了植物体内已构建的人工固碳途径及其代谢原理，系统分析评价了不同途径的CO

固定能力和限制因素；最后，对人工设计及合成植物CO

代谢通路、基于零碳排放的新型物质生产等关键问题进行了探讨，并对植物CO

代谢途径的改造发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract

Reducing carbon emissions is a major strategic decision in the process of sustainable development in China. In order to achieve the ambitious goal of “carbon peak， carbon neutrality” on schedule

China needs to make a breakthrough in improving the ecological carbon sink capacity. Plant photosynthesis is beneficial to increase the Earth's carbon sink by fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide or inorganic carbon to produce organic compounds

while CO

is released in the process of photorespirat

ion and respiration which reduce carbon sinks by degrading the organic compounds into other substrates. Energy utilization rate of the above-mentioned CO

natural metabolic process is low

and those processes are difficult to be artificially modified and improved in plants due to the characters and limitations of the relevant enzymes. Therefore

reconstructing new artificial metabolic pathways with synthetic biology in plants is expected to greatly improve the plant CO

fixation capacity

which is one of the effective ways to solve the bottleneck of humanity development in the future. In the present review

we introduce the metabolic pathways associated with CO

fixation and release which are involved in plant photosynthesis

photorespiration and respiration

respectively

and then point out the potential targets that could be used for modification by synthetic biology. In each section

we mainly discuss the artificial carbon fixation pathways that have been implemented in plants and their underlying principles. Especially

the modification of photorespiration is particularly discussed and several pathways are mentioned in details which shed lights on the design of artificial pathway in the future. Then we compare the capacity of each pathway in carbon fixation and limitation. Finally

we propose the key questions of designing and synthesizing novel carbon fixation pathway in plants

and the zero-carbon releasing design is mainly discussed. The development trend of transformation of plant CO

metabolic pathway by synthetic biology is also forecasted.

关键词

Keywords

references

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