Z-基因组的生物合成奥秘被揭示

金交羽; 周佳海

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2021-034

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Z-基因组的生物合成奥秘被揭示

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- Z-基因组的生物合成奥秘被揭示
- The mystery of Z-genome biosynthesis has been elucidated
- 合成生物学 2022年3卷第1期页码：1-5
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院深圳理工大学，深圳合成生物学创新研究院，中国科学院定量工程生物学重点实验室，广东　深圳　518055
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "金交羽（1995-），女，硕士研究生，研究助理。研究方向为酶结构的机制研究。E-mail：jy.jin@siat.ac.cn" ]
  [ "周佳海（1972-），男，研究员，博士生导师。研究方向是工业生物技术、合成生物学相关的微生物酶学以及活性天然产物的化学生物学，通过会聚酶学、结构生物学及蛋白质理性设计等技术方法，重点研究酶的结构与催化机理、定向进化酶的科学规律、分子智能设计等。E-mail：jiahai@siat.ac.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划“合成生物学”重点专项(2018YFA0901900)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2021-034
  中图分类号： Q931
- 收稿：2021-03-18，
  
  修回：2021-04-30，
  
  纸质出版：2022-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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金交羽，周佳海. Z-基因组的生物合成奥秘被揭示［J］. 合成生物学， 2022， 3（1）： 1-5

JIN Jiaoyu， ZHOU Jiahai. The mystery of Z-genome biosynthesis has been elucidated［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2022， 3（1）： 1-5
金交羽，周佳海. Z-基因组的生物合成奥秘被揭示［J］. 合成生物学， 2022， 3（1）： 1-5 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2021-034.

JIN Jiaoyu， ZHOU Jiahai. The mystery of Z-genome biosynthesis has been elucidated［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2022， 3（1）： 1-5 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2021-034.

摘要

Science

期刊于2021年4月30日刊登了3篇关于Z-基因组的研究论文。本文将重点评论其中赵素文、张雁和赵惠民三个实验室的合作论文：介绍多酶系统介导的Z-基因组生物合成、降低宿主菌中dATP浓度的dATPase和DUF550发现，并阐明Z-基因组的测序鉴定和功能意义。44年前，苏联科学家首次发现二氨基嘌呤（Z）存在于蓝藻噬菌体（cyanophage）S-2L的基因组中。Z是一种特殊的碱基，它完全取代了腺嘌呤并与胸腺嘧啶形成三个氢键，Z-基因组的生物合成通路一直是未解之谜。上海科技大学赵素文实验室、天津大学张雁实验室和伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校/新加坡科技研究局的赵惠民实验室组成的合作团队，通过生物信息学、计算生物学和生物化学手段揭示了负责Z-基因组生物合成的多酶系统。研究发现此通路可能也存在于数十个分布在全球各地的噬菌体中，包括在上海被发现和分离的

Acinetobacter

phage SH-Ab 15497。合作团队使用HPLC-UV、质谱技术和纳米孔测序验证了Z碱基存在于

Acinetobacter

phage SH-Ab 15497中，

且完全取代了A碱基，识别位点中含有A碱基的限制性核酸内切酶通常无法切割Z-DNA，因此Z-DNA赋予了噬菌体逃避宿主限制性核酸内切酶攻击的进化优势。Z基因组生物合成通路的解析，可促进新型核酸产品和相关新DNA技术的开发。

Abstract

On April 30

2021

three Z-genome research papers were published in

Science

. This article will comment on the collaborative work performed at laboratories led by Zhao Suwen at Shanghai Technology University

Zhang Yan at Tianjin University

and Zhao Huimin at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Agency for Science

Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore. First

we introduce the multi-enzyme system mediated Z-genome biosynthesis. Then we address the discovery of dATPase and DUF550 that reduce the concentration of dATP in the host bacteria. Finally

we highlight the sequencing and identification of the Z-genome and its functional significance. Forty-four years ago

Soviet scientists discovered for the first time that diaminopurine (Z) was presented in the DNA of Cyanophage S-2L. Z is a modified unique base that replaces adenine (A)

which form three hydrogen bonds with thymine (T)

but the biosynthetic pathway of the Z-genome had been an unsolved mystery for the past decades. Very recently

the multi-enzyme system to biosynthesize Z-genome has been characterized by various methods including bioinformatics

computational biology and biochemistry methods through collaborations among Professors Zhao Suwen

Zhang Yan and Zhao Huimin. They concluded that this pathway exists in dozens of phages distributed around the world

including

Acinetobacter

phage SH-Ab 15497

which was discovered and isolated in Shanghai. The team used HPLC-UV

MS and nanopore sequencing to verify that Z exists in

Acinetobacter

phage SH-Ab 15497 and completely replaced adenine. Restriction endonucleases usually cannot digest Z-DNA at recognition sites containing A. Therefore

Z-DNA gives phage an evolutionary advantage to evade attack by host restriction endonucleases. The findings of Z-genome biosynth

esis will shed light on the development of new nucleic acid agents and novel DNA technologies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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