忆王义翘教授对生物炼制的贡献和我对此领域未来发展的观点

张以恒

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2021-003

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忆王义翘教授对生物炼制的贡献和我对此领域未来发展的观点

特约评述 | 更新时间：2026-03-05

- 忆王义翘教授对生物炼制的贡献和我对此领域未来发展的观点
- Remembering Professor Daniel I.C. Wang’s contribution to biorefining and my perspective on the progress
- 合成生物学 2021年2卷第4期页码：497-508
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所，天津　300308
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张以恒（1971—），男，博士，中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所（客座）研究员,曾是美国弗吉尼亚理工大学生物系统工程学的助理教授、副教授和教授。1993年和1996年获得华东理工大学生物工程专业学士和硕士学位；2002年获得美国达特茅斯学院化学工程专业博士学位。生物技术与生物工程王义翘教授奖(Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Daniel I.C. Wang Award)获得者（2010年），还曾获得杜邦青年教授奖（2008）、美国空军青年研究员奖（2008）、美国农业生物工程学会新奇士青年工程设计师奖（2009）等。主要研究方向为生物炼制工厂、体外合成生物学、酶工程、代谢过程和新能源-粮食体系（糖-氢-电循环）。E-mail：yhjob_zhang@outlook.com" ]
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2021-003
  中图分类号： Q81
- 收稿：2021-01-08，
  
  修回：2021-03-30，
  
  纸质出版：2021-08-31
- 稿件说明：
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张以恒. 忆王义翘教授对生物炼制的贡献和我对此领域未来发展的观点［J］. 合成生物学， 2021， 2（4）： 497-508

ZHANG Yi-Heng. Remembering Professor Daniel I.C. Wang’s contribution to biorefining and my perspective on the progress［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2021， 2（4）： 497-508
张以恒. 忆王义翘教授对生物炼制的贡献和我对此领域未来发展的观点［J］. 合成生物学， 2021， 2（4）： 497-508 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2021-003.

ZHANG Yi-Heng. Remembering Professor Daniel I.C. Wang’s contribution to biorefining and my perspective on the progress［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2021， 2（4）： 497-508 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2021-003.

摘要

本文目的是回忆王义翘（Daniel I. C. Wang）教授对生物炼制领域的贡献，以及作者与王教授在该领域的交往、互动和激励，并且作者针对生物炼制领域几个问题提出个人观点。王教授大力地推动多学科交叉的研究创新，使生化工程正式发展成为化学工程的一个前沿分支。为面向重大需求，王教授一生中多次调整他的科研方向。基于粮食原料的第一代生物炼制工厂生产工艺已经十分成熟，但对粮食安全和环境有着负面影响，发展受限。因为当前石油价格下行，基于非粮生物质的第二代生物炼制工厂受到预处理和纤维素酶成本的限制，举步维艰，在经济上暂时还缺乏可行性。未来的新生物炼制工厂能够将非粮生物质（如秸秆）有效地转化为多个产品，如粮食和饲料、健康糖以及众多大宗生物产品（如燃料和材料）。多种新生化工程工具的发展和使用将有助于新生物精炼厂的实现，例如整合生物加工、新酶发现和利用、体外合成生物学（如多酶分子机器）、基因工程、合成生物学等。未来的新生物精炼厂将具有工业可放大性、经济可盈利性和环境可持续性的性质。种植多年生的非粮作物和未来生物炼制工厂相结合，将有可能帮助解决中国社会经济发展所面临的重大需求，如粮食安全、能源安全、大健康以及环境保护等。

Abstract

The goals of this article are in memory of Professor Daniel I.C. Wang's contribution to biorefining

the interaction and motivation between Professor Wang and me in this area

and I present opinions on addressing several key challenges of the next-generation biorefinery. Prof. Wang was the primary driver of innovation in both education and multidisciplinary research initiatives that have defined modern Biochemical Engineering

a frontier of chemical engineering. To meet great needs

he adjusted his scientific research directions timely throughout his career from microbial fermentation

single cell protein production

animal cell cultures to biorefineries. The industrial processes of the first-generation biorefinery plants based on food resources (

e.g

corn kernel

sucrose

aged grains

used oil) have been very mature

but they potentially hav

e negative impacts on food security and the environment

resulting in their limited development. Due to current low prices of crude oil

the second-generation biorefineries based on non-food lignocellulosic biomass are suffering from relatively high production cost

leading to their economic inviability. New biorefineries

which could be distinctive from the second generation biorefineries that produce liquid biofuels as dominant products

would convert lignocellulosic feedstock (

e.g

rice straw

corn stover

energy crops) to multiple products

such as food and feed

healthy sweeteners

and other biocommodities (

e.g.

biofuels and biomaterials). New biorefineries could be implemented with newly-developed biochemical engineering tools

such as consolidated bioprocessing

novel enzymes

metabolic engineering

in vitro

synthetic biology (

i.e.

multiple-enzyme molecular machines that assemble a number of natural enzymes

novel-function or engineered enzymes

coenzymes

and/or biomimetic coenzymes to form artificial pathways to implement novel biomanufacturing capacity beyond the limits of microbial fermentation and cell cultures). They could be industrial scalability

economic viability

and environmental sustainability. Also

agricultural revolution would take place by the cultivation of perennial plants in marginal lands to replace annual crops

wherein perennial plant communities have higher biomass yield per hectare with less resource management

store more carbon

maintain better water quality

utilize fertilizers more efficiently

tolerate extreme weather

and resist pests. The combination of the cultivation of nonfood perennial (energy) crops and next-generation biorefineries could address major social and economic needs of China

such as food supply

energy security

general health

and environmental conservation. Also

new biorefineries and new agricultural revolution could address challenge of our time to meet increasing need in the energy

-food-water nexus without compromising the benefit of next generations.

关键词

Keywords

references

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