微生物药物的合成生物学研究进展

饶聪; 云轩; 虞沂; 邓子新

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2020-036

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微生物药物的合成生物学研究进展

特约评述 | 更新时间：2025-03-20

- 微生物药物的合成生物学研究进展
- Recent progress of synthetic biology applications in microbial pharmaceuticals research
- 合成生物学 2020年1卷第1期页码：92-102
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 武汉大学药学院，组合生物合成与新药发现教育部重点实验室，湖北武汉 430071
  2. 上海交通大学生命科学技术学院，微生物代谢国家重点实验室，上海 200240
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "饶聪（1996-），男，硕士研究生。" ]
  [ "虞沂（1978—），男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为天然产物化学生物学。E-mail： yu_yi@whu.edu.cn\t\t\t\t\t" ]
  [ "邓子新（1957—），男，中国科学院院士，第三世界科学院（TWAS）院士，美国微生物科学院院士，2020年当选全球工业微生物学会（GIM）首届主席，主要从事放线菌遗传学及抗生素生物合成的化学生物学、合成生物学研究。E-mail：zxdeng@sjtu.edu.cn\t\t\t\t\t\t" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0900400);国家自然科学基金(31870035)
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2020-036
  中图分类号： R9;Q93;Q81
- 收稿：2020-03-26，
  
  修回：2020-04-19，
  
  纸质出版：2020-02-29
- 稿件说明：
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饶聪, 云轩, 虞沂, 邓子新. 微生物药物的合成生物学研究进展[J]. 合成生物学, 2020, 1(1): 92-102

RAO Cong, YUN Xuan, YU Yi, DENG Zixin. Recent progress of synthetic biology applications in microbial pharmaceuticals research[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2020, 1(1): 92-102
饶聪, 云轩, 虞沂, 邓子新. 微生物药物的合成生物学研究进展[J]. 合成生物学, 2020, 1(1): 92-102 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2020-036.

RAO Cong, YUN Xuan, YU Yi, DENG Zixin. Recent progress of synthetic biology applications in microbial pharmaceuticals research[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2020, 1(1): 92-102 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2020-036.

摘要

微生物天然产物一直都是新型生物药物创新的主要源泉，是目前开发临床抗菌、抗肿瘤、免疫抑制剂等药物的重要资源。随着临床耐药菌的日益增多，新型病原菌和病毒的不断出现，以及新骨架天然产物挖掘难度的增加，新型微生物药物的开发正面临着巨大挑战。作为21世纪生命医学领域催动原创突破和学科交叉融合的前沿学科，合成生物学的崛起为解决药物研发困境提供了新的思路和方法，它可以突破天然药物发现的瓶颈，设计新的生物合成途径，产生更多天然药物及类似物。本文综述了近五年来合成生物学在微生物药物研究领域的技术革新，及其在氨基糖苷类抗生素、核苷类抗生素、核糖体肽、萜类以及聚酮类化合物等5大类微生物天然药物的发掘、生物合成以及新结构创制等方面的应用。

Abstract

Microbial natural products are a major source in the innovation of novel pharmaceuticals

including anti-bacterial

anti-tumor

and immunosuppressive agents for clinical use. Currently

the development of microbial drugs is facing significant challenges due to the growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria

the continuous emergence of new pathogens and viruses

and the increasing difficulties in the discovery of natural products with new scaffolds. Synthetic biology is an emerging interdisciplinary research area leading to great breakthrough in the field of biomedical sciences in the 21st century

which provides new methods and ideas for drug discovery and development. The application of synthetic biology could unlock the potential of natural product mining

design new biosynthetic routes

and generate much more “unnatural” natural products and structural analogs. This review summarizes the technical innovations of synthetic biology in the field of microbial pharmaceuticals

and its applications in the mining

biosynthesis

and new scaffold generation of aminoglycoside antibiotics

nucleotide antibiotics

ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides

terpenoids

and polyketides in the last five years.

关键词

Keywords

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