Research advances on the biosynthesis of mycosporine-like amino acids

ZHANG Ping; ZHANG Weijiao; XU Ruirui; LI Jianghua; CHEN Jian; KANG Zhen

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2024-063

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Research advances on the biosynthesis of mycosporine-like amino acids

Invited Review | 更新时间：2025-05-20

- Research advances on the biosynthesis of mycosporine-like amino acids
- Synthetic Biology Journal Vol. 6, Issue 2, Pages: 306-319(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.江南大学生物工程学院，糖化学与生物技术教育部重点实验室，江苏无锡 214122
  2.江南大学未来食品科学中心，江苏无锡 214122
  3.江南大学生物工程学院，工业生物技术教育部重点实验室，江苏无锡 214122
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2024-063
  CLC： Q815
- Received：16 August 2024，
  
  Revised：2024-12-13，
  
  Published：30 April 2025
- 稿件说明：
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张萍，张维娇，胥睿睿，李江华，陈坚，康振. 防晒化合物类菌孢素氨基酸的生物合成［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（2）： 306-319

ZHANG Ping， ZHANG Weijiao， XU Ruirui， LI Jianghua， CHEN Jian， KANG Zhen. Research advances on the biosynthesis of mycosporine-like amino acids［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（2）： 306-319
张萍，张维娇，胥睿睿，李江华，陈坚，康振. 防晒化合物类菌孢素氨基酸的生物合成［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（2）： 306-319 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-063.

ZHANG Ping， ZHANG Weijiao， XU Ruirui， LI Jianghua， CHEN Jian， KANG Zhen. Research advances on the biosynthesis of mycosporine-like amino acids［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（2）： 306-319 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-063.

摘要

类菌孢素氨基酸（mycosporine-like amino acid，MAA）是一类由水生生物产生的小分子化合物，具有抵御紫外线辐射的功能，近年来作为环保型防晒剂在化妆品领域得到了广泛关注。然而，MAA在生物体中的低积累量、复杂的提取工艺和极低的得率限制了其应用前景。利用合成生物技术，在微生物细胞中重构MAA合成路径，有望实现MAA的规模化生产，为解决MAA供应不足问题提供有效策略。本文系统总结了目前MAA生物合成的研究进展，涵盖了结构多样性分析、生物合成途径解析、底盘细胞构建等方面。重点关注了近期MAA的微生物从头生物合成研究进展，探讨了目前MAA生物合成研究面临的挑战，包括前体含量少、关键酶催化效率低等问题。最后，展望了MAA微生物合成的未来发展方向，如转运蛋白的改造、关键酶的解析等，旨在推动MAA的绿色、高效生物合成。

Abstract

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs)

a class of natural sunproof molecules

have attracted intensive attention because of their potent ultraviolet (UV) -absorbing capabilities and potential applications in the cosmetics industry. However

the complicated extraction process and low yield restrict their applications. To address challenges with the supply of MAAs

reconstructing the biosynthesis pathway for their production in microbial cells with synthetic biology techniques provides an effective strategy. This article systematically reviews current progress in the biosynthesis of MAAs

covering a range of critical aspects

including the analysis of structural diversity

which is essential for understanding the functional properties of different MAAs. Additionally

the article delves into the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways

providing insights into the biochemical steps and enzymes involved in the production of MAAs. Furthermore

this review explores the construction of chassis cells in the biosynthesis of MAAs

including the integration of heterologous genes and the optimization of metabolic pathways

highlighting the importance of selecting and engineering suitable microbial hosts to optimize MAAs biosynthesis. The review provides a forward-looking perspective on microbial synthesis of MAAs

with a focus on driving innovation in green and efficient biomanufacturing of these high-value compounds. Meanwhile

the article also discusses the current key challenges in MAAs biosynthesis research

including low precursor content

insufficient enzyme catalytic activity

and difficulties in accurate product identification

which collectively hinder the industrial development of MAAs. Breaking through these technical bottlenecks is expected to enable the development of sustainable and economically viable approaches for the large-scale production of MAAs. This review introduces the current status of research on MAAs synthesized by microbial cells from multiple perspectives and makes a prospective analysis of future development trends

aiming to provide a reference and guidance for research on microbial synthesis of MAAs. Biosynthesis technology shows promise in replacing traditional extraction methods

potentially revolutionizing the production mode of MAAs fundamentally. This innovative production approach will not only satisfy the growing demand for MAAs in the cosmetics industry

but will also significantly improve the accessibility and usage of MAAs in multiple fields.

关键词

Keywords

references

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