Synthetic biology drives the sustainable production of terpenoid fragrances and flavors

ZHANG Mengyao; CAI Peng; ZHOU Yongjin

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2024-057

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Synthetic biology drives the sustainable production of terpenoid fragrances and flavors

Invited Review | 更新时间：2025-05-20

- Synthetic biology drives the sustainable production of terpenoid fragrances and flavors
- Synthetic Biology Journal Vol. 6, Issue 2, Pages: 334-356(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所生物技术研究部，辽宁大连 116023
  2.大连市能源生物技术重点实验室，辽宁大连 116023
  3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2024-057
  CLC： Q816
- Received：31 July 2024，
  
  Revised：2024-09-18，
  
  Published：30 April 2025
- 稿件说明：
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张梦瑶，蔡鹏，周雍进. 合成生物学助力萜类香精香料可持续生产［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（2）： 334-356

ZHANG Mengyao， CAI Peng， ZHOU Yongjin. Synthetic biology drives the sustainable production of terpenoid fragrances and flavors［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（2）： 334-356
张梦瑶，蔡鹏，周雍进. 合成生物学助力萜类香精香料可持续生产［J］. 合成生物学， 2025， 6（2）： 334-356 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-057.

ZHANG Mengyao， CAI Peng， ZHOU Yongjin. Synthetic biology drives the sustainable production of terpenoid fragrances and flavors［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2025， 6（2）： 334-356 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-057.

摘要

香精香料是个人护理产品中的重要成分，其中，萜类化合物及其衍生物在天然香料市场中有着重要的地位。近年来，合成生物学的蓬勃发展为解决萜类香料产能瓶颈及开发更多元化的新型香料化合物带来了新机遇。本文探讨了合成生物学在萜类香料可持续生产中的应用和发展，介绍了数据驱动的合成生物学和生物技术创新如何赋能萜类香料生产，讨论比较了萜类合成的经典合成途径和替代合成途径，并探讨了萜类合酶挖掘与改造进展。在此基础上，着重介绍了单萜类、倍半萜类和降异戊二烯类香料的细胞工厂合成现状，包括元件改造、途径优化和萜类解毒等关键技术策略。最后，对当前专利布局和产业化竞争格局进行了总结分析，并对未来发展的挑战和机遇进行了展望，包括生物合成技术的挑战、新产物的发掘与设计，以及市场监管与安全性问题。

Abstract

The demand for personal care products has been increasing steadily. Consumers are now seeking for products that offer enhanced functionality

natural ingredients

and superior feeling experiences. Fragrances and flavors are key components in personal care formulations. Terpenes and their derivatives dominate natural fragrances due to their diverse structures and scents

widespread availability from plants and animals

stable function

and high safety profile. The terpene fragrance market is projected to grow at an annual growth rate of 6.4%

reaching $1.01 billion by 2028

indicating a high market revenue and promising future. Currently

the acquisition of natural terpene fragrances is constrained by the long growth cycle of plants

low terpene content

and high extraction cost. Thus

there is an urgent need for developing new technology

such as synthetic biology

to achieve large-scale production of diverse fragrance compounds at an environment-friendly manner. This review explores the application and development of synthetic biology in the sustainable production of terpene fragrances

highlighting how data-driven synthetic biology and biotechnological innovations empower terpene fragrance production. It also compares classical and alternative terpenoid biosynthesis pathways

elucidating their differences and advantages

which can offer comprehensive insights for chassis design toward terpenoid efficient biosynthesis. Additionally

this review explores recent advances in terpene synthase discovery and engineering as well as cell factory construction. Furthermore

we comprehensively summarizes challenges encountered in the construction of three major types of terpene fragrance cell factories: monoterpenes

sesquiterpenes

and nor-isoprenoids

and discusses metabolic engineering strategies that can be employed to address these issues

including enzyme optimization

pathway reconstruction

and cellular detoxification. At the end

we comment the current landscape of patents and industrial competition

offering insights into future challenges and opportunities

including the hurdles of biosynthesis technology

the discovery and design of new products

as well as the market regulation and safety concerns.

关键词

Keywords

references

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