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Advancements in testicular organoids for
in vitro spermatogenesis- Synthetic Biology Journal Vol. 5, Issue 4, Pages: 770-781(2024)
- 作者机构：
南京医科大学生殖医学与子代健康全国重点实验室，江苏 南京 211166
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
DOI：10.12211/2096-8280.2023-095
CLC： R321.1;Q819Received：30 November 2023，
Revised：2024-03-05，
Published：31 August 2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张博航， 祁晓萱， 袁艳. 睾丸类器官在体外精子发生中的研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2024， 5（4）： 770-781
ZHANG Bohang， QI Xiaoxuan， YUAN Yan. Advancements in testicular organoids for in vitro spermatogenesis［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2024， 5（4）： 770-781
张博航， 祁晓萱， 袁艳. 睾丸类器官在体外精子发生中的研究进展［J］. 合成生物学， 2024， 5（4）： 770-781 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2023-095.
ZHANG Bohang， QI Xiaoxuan， YUAN Yan. Advancements in testicular organoids for in vitro spermatogenesis［J］. Synthetic Biology Journal， 2024， 5（4）： 770-781 DOI： 10.12211/2096-8280.2023-095.
摘要
随着全球不孕不育问题的日益严重，特别是男性不育症的比例逐年上升，睾丸类器官的研究为这一领域提供了新的希望和策略。本综述全面探讨了睾丸类器官在模拟自然生精环境、深入探究精子发生机制以及应对男性生殖健康挑战中的应用。首先，介绍了睾丸的生理功能和精子发生过程的重要性，关注了睾丸组织体外培养和睾丸细胞重聚类器官的技术及其研究进展。其次，探讨了睾丸类器官在探究分子机制、药物筛选和毒性评估及男性生育力保存方面的潜在应用。最后，对当前方法的局限性和未来研究方向进行了讨论，特别是在提高体外环境下精子质量和成熟度方面的研究成果。尽管睾丸微环境复杂，在体外完整模拟人类精子发生仍面临挑战，但睾丸类器官领域的不断发展有望为临床生殖医学和男性健康研究提供新的解决方案。
Abstract
As the global issue of infertility continues to escalate
particularly with the increasing incidence of male infertility
research in testicular organoids offers new hope and strategies in this field. This review comprehensively discusses the application of testicular organoids in simulating the natural sperm-producing environment
delving into the mechanisms of spermatogenesis
and addressing challenges in male reproductive health. Firstly
we introduce the cellular composition
physiological functions
and the complete process of spermatogenesis within the testicular organ
emphasizing the crucial role of the testicular somatic cell microenvironment in normal testicular development and sperm production. Subsequently
we provide a comprehensive review of the construction of
in vitro
spermatogenesis systems and the associated research progress through techniques such as testicular tissue culture and reconstruction of testicular organoids
in vivo
. Moreover
testicular organoids
as a system mimicking spermatogenesis environments
in vitro
exhibit significant potential in exploring molecular mechanisms
drug screening and toxicity assessment
as well as preserving and restoring male fertility. Finally
we discuss the limitations of current research in the field of testicular organoids and future research directions. Challenges include accurately simulating the physiological processes of the testis
in vitro
and improving the quality of sperm obtained
in vitro
for clinical applications. Future research directions involve delving into the complex interactions between germ cells and somatic cells
aiming to better simulate the testicular microenvironment
in vitro
and striving towards safe and effective translation of these resea
rch findings into clinical applications for treating male infertility. Additionally
we should ensure that the genetic stability and functionality of germ cells cultured
in vitro
meet the requirements for clinical applications
and pay attention to the relevant ethical issues. Despite the complexity of the testicular microenvironment and the challenges in fully replicating human spermatogenesis
in vitro
the ongoing development in the field of testicular organoids holds promise for providing novel solutions in clinical reproductive medicine and male health research.
2
关键词
Keywords
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