C1 biotechnology is undergoing a paradigm shift - from "discovering nature" to "reconstructing nature" - and its strategic value is being fundamentally redefined. No longer a long-term option for biomanufacturing

it is now emerging as a critical pathway to reshape the fundamental logic of carbon-based industries and achieve carbon neutrality. China possesses the world's most abundant application scenarios and the most urgent industrial demands

yet its dependence on "root technologies" remains the greatest vulnerability. This article argues that China must move beyond the conventional mindset of "isolated breakthroughs" and instead pursue a systemic reconstruction of its innovation paradigm

industrial ecosystem

talent ecosystem

and standard-setting discourse. With strategic resolve

China can seize the historic opportunity of the global green industrial revolution and secure a leading position in the emerging carbon-based future.

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